PRESENT TENSE OF BULGARIAN VERBS – III CONJUGATION - ÑÅÃÀØÍÎ ÂÐÅÌÅ ÍÀ ÃËÀÃÎËÈÒÅ ÎÒ ÒÐÅÒÎ ÑÏÐÅÆÅÍÈÅ
The main form of a verb in English is called the infinitive and includes the word "to" - to be, to go, to do etc.
In Bulgarian the verbs don’t have an infinitive form. The main form of the Bulgarian verb is the form for first person singular. This is the form to be found in the dictionary.
| Bulgarian verbs, ending in 1st person singular in –ì (-àì, -ÿì) are in III conjugation. |
Examples:
èñêàì (to want), îáè÷àì (to love), îáèæäàì (to insult), çàáðàâÿì (to forget), ïðîìåíÿì (to change).Exception: The verb ÿì is in I conjugation.
1.The verbs ending in -àì.
To conjugate the verb it is necessary to remove the ending
-àì and add the following endings for the different persons:|
Singular |
Plural |
|
1. –àì |
1. –àìå |
|
2. –àø |
2. –àòå |
|
3. -à |
3. –àò |
Example:
èñêàì – àì = èñê + endings…|
1. àç èñêàì |
1. íèå èñêà ìå |
|
2. òè èñêà ø |
2. âèå èñêà òå |
|
3. òîé èñêà |
3. òå èñêà ò |
|
òÿ èñêà |
|
|
òî èñêà |
|
2.The verbs ending in -ÿì.
To conjugate the verb it is necessary to remove the ending
-ÿì and add the following endings for the different persons:|
Singular |
Plural |
|
1. –ÿì |
1. –ÿìå |
|
2. –ÿø |
2. –ÿòå |
|
3. -ÿ |
3. –ÿò |
Example 2:
çàáðàâÿì – ÿì = çàáðàâ + endings…|
1. àç çàáðàâÿì |
1. íèå çàáðàâÿ ìå |
|
2. òè çàáðàâÿ ø |
2. âèå çàáðàâÿ òå |
|
3. òîé çàáðàâÿ |
3. òå çàáðàâÿ ò |
|
òÿ çàáðàâÿ |
|
|
òî çàáðàâÿ |
These are the
affirmative forms!In English the negative form of a verb is formed using the auxiliary verb to do.
I know.
I don't know.
In Bulgarian, to get the
negative form it is necessary to simply put the negative particle íå between the subject pronoun (or the noun) and the verb.|
1. àç íå èñêàì |
1. íèå íå èñêà ìå |
|
|
2. òè íå èñêà ø |
2. âèå íå èñêà òå |
|
|
3. òîé íå èñêà |
3. òå íå èñêà ò |
|
|
òÿ íå èñêà |
||
|
òî íå èñêà |
||
|
1. àç íå çàáðàâÿ ì |
1. íèå íå çàáðàâÿ ìå |
|
|
2. òè íå çàáðàâÿ ø |
2. âèå íå çàáðàâÿ òå |
|
|
3. òîé íå çàáðàâÿ |
3. òå íå çàáðàâÿ ò |
|
|
òÿ íå çàáðàâÿ |
||
|
òî íå çàáðàâÿ |
||
|
Òîé íå èñêà äà èçëèçà òàçè âå÷åð. |
He doesn't want to go out tonight. |
|
| The good news: about 90% of the Bulgarian verbs are in III conjugation. |
To summarize:
The Bulgarian verbs don't have an infinitive form. The form to be found in the dictionary is the form for the first person singular.
The verbs ending (in 1st person singular) in -a or -ÿ are either in Ist or in IInd conjugation.
The verbs ending (in 1st person singular) in -aì or -ÿì are in IIIrd conjugation.
Here's a comparative table of the endings for the three conjugations:
| Ist conjugation | IInd conjugation | IIIrd conjugation | ||
| 1st sing. | àç | -à, -ÿ | -à, -ÿ | -àì, -ÿì |
| 2nd sing. | òè | -åø | -èø | -àø, -ÿø |
| 3rd sing. | òîé, òÿ, òî | -å | -è | -à, -ÿ |
| 1st pl. | íèå | -åì | -èì | -àìå, -ÿìå |
| 2nd pl. | âèå | -åòå | -èòå | -àòå, -ÿòå |
| 3rd pl. | òå | -àò, -ÿò | -àò, -ÿò | -àò, -ÿò |