ÈÌÀ" AND “ÍßÌÀ” – ÁÅÇËÈ×ÍÈÒÅ ÔÎÐÌÈ “ÈÌÀ” È “ÍßÌÀ”
The Bulgarian verb “èìàì” means “to have”
| àç èìàì | I have |
| òè èìàø | you have |
| òîé èìà | he has |
| òÿ èìà | she has |
| òî èìà | he/she/it has |
| íèå èìàìå | we have |
| âèå èìàòå | you have |
| òå èìàò | they have |
The form for 3rd person singular “èìà” is used in Bulgarian as an impersonal form with the following two meanings in English:
there is
there are
Examples:
Èìà êíèãà íà ìàñàòà.
There is a book on the table.
Èìà ìíîãî äúðâåòà â ãîðàòà.
There are many trees in the forest.
Remember that to form the negative of a verb you need to put the negative article “íå” between the subject pronoun (or the noun) and the verb.
For example:
| òîé èñêà… | he wants… |
| òîé íå èñêà… | he doesn't want… |
| òÿ å… | she is… |
| òÿ íå å… | she isn't… |
The negative of the verb “èìàì” is not formed this way. There is a verb in Bulgarian meaning “to do not have” – the verb “íÿìàì”.
| àç íÿìàì | I don’t have any |
| òè íÿìàø | you don’t have any |
| òîé íÿìà | he doesn’t have any |
| òÿ íÿìà | she doesn’t have any |
| òîé íÿìà | it doesn’t have any |
| íèå íÿìàìå | we don’t have any |
| âèå íÿìàòå | you don’t have any |
| òå íÿìàò | they don’t have any |
The form for 3rd person singular “íÿìà” is used in Bulgarian as an impersonal form with the following meanings in English:
there isn't any,
there is no,
there are not any,
there are no, etc.
Examples:
Íÿìà õèìèêàë â ÷àíòàòà.
There isn’t a pen in the bag.
Íÿìà íèùî íà ìàñàòà.
There is nothing on the table.
Íÿìà íèêîãî ó äîìà.
There is nobody home.
Íÿìà (íèêàêâè) õîðà íà óëèöàòà.
There aren’t any people on the street.
The impersonal form íÿìà is used also for forming the negative form in the future tense of the Bulgarian verbs.